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Torpedo (1864)

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  Torpedo (1864) *Giovanni Luppis creates the self-propelled uncderwater missile. *"Damn the torpedoes.... Captain Crayton, go ahead! Joucett, full speed!" Admiral David Farragut, Battle of Mobile Bay, 1864 "Torpedoes are examined on the derk of a target ship after a test firing from HMS Snapper in 1940 The British 7,000-ton steamer Beluchistan sank after this torpedo strike by the German U-boat U-68 in 1942".                         NDespite its notoriety as a naval weapon, the fir modem torpedo was developed in landincked Austa or rather by a retired army officer in what was then the Austrian Empire stretching down to the Adriatic Sea 1864 Giovanni Luppis (1813-1875) presented his idea of using small, unmanned boats carrying explosives against enemy ships to Robert Whitehead (1823 1905), an English engineer producing stram engines for the Austrian Navy Similar devices (spar torpedoes) were also employed in the American Civil War taking place at the same time. Howe

Electrical Generator

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                             Electrical Generator (1869) Gramme fulfills the dream of plentiful, cheaply produced electricity. Inventor...             The dynamos produced   by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in the 1830s were little more than laboratory curiosities.It was Belgian industrialist and electrical engineer, Zenobe Theophile Gramme (1826- 1901) , who developed in 1869, the first high-voltage, smooth,direct-current generator. Information... In 1871 Gramme and the French engineer Hippolyte Fontaine entered a manufacturing partnership. In 1873 the pair discovered that their dynamo machine was reversible and could thus be converted in to an electrical motor. Their 1873 exhibit at the Vienna Exposition convinced the world of the ease of generating electricity and conversely that electricity could be reliably utilized to do heavy work.              By 1880 Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti had patented the Ferranti dynamo, a machine that he developed with the help of William Thomson (

X-ray Photography

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                          X-ray Photography (1895)          Rontgen discovers how to photograph inside the bodies of living things. Introduction                                                           An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic   radiation with a very short wavelength, in the range 10   to 0.01 nanometers. German physicist Wilhelm  Rontgen (1845-1923)  was experimenting with   cathode rays in 1895 when he realized that these   produced another form of radiation when they hit the   glass of the cathode ray tube. He called them X-rays, as   ‘X’ stands for the unknown in mathematics. Rontgen   discovered that X-rays passed through soft materials,   such as paper, card and fabric, and produced   fluorescence and can be used to form images on a   barium-coated photographic plate and discovered the X-   rays passed through the flesh, but not through her   bones, or her ring. Rontgen was awarded the first Noble   prize for physics in 1901.   Information                          

Telephone

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Telephone (1876)   Bell Propels communications in to the modern era.        Sixteen years after inventing the telephone, Bell makes the first call from New York to Chicago in 1892.   Technical illustrations of telephone components designed by both Bell and Thomas Edison.     Introduction               In the 1870s Edinburgh born Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922)  was working on a way to improve the telegraph. Although this was well   established as a mean of long-distance communication, the fact that only   one message could be sent at any one time mode it extremely limited.   Bell`s original idea was to develop a “harmonic telegram”, using multiple   pitches to transmit more than one message at the same time. While   working on this, an idea came to him for a more elaborate system – one   that could transmit not only the dots and dashes of morse code, but actual   speech.     Information     Several other terms were also pushing to transmit sounds via electricity, and there remains

Ballistic missile

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                      Ballistic Missile (1938)       Doreen initiates Nazi Germany’s rocket program.       Inventor -   Walter Dornbeger(1895-1980)                      “The third day of October, 1942, is the first of a new era in transportation that of space travel”.     Introduction                                                                                  The history of rocketry dates back to around 900 C.E, but the use of rockets as highly destructive missiles able to carry large payloads of explosives was not feasible until the late 1930s. War has been catalyst for many inventions, both benevolent and destructive. The ballistic missile is intriguing because it can be both of these things, it has made possible some of the greatest deeds mankind has ever achieved and also some of the worst.  Information   German Walter Dornbeger (1895-1980) and his team began developing rockets in 1938, but it was not until 1944 that the first ballistic missile, the Aggregat-4 or V-2 r