Torpedo (1864)

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  Torpedo (1864) *Giovanni Luppis creates the self-propelled uncderwater missile. *"Damn the torpedoes.... Captain Crayton, go ahead! Joucett, full speed!" Admiral David Farragut, Battle of Mobile Bay, 1864 "Torpedoes are examined on the derk of a target ship after a test firing from HMS Snapper in 1940 The British 7,000-ton steamer Beluchistan sank after this torpedo strike by the German U-boat U-68 in 1942".                         NDespite its notoriety as a naval weapon, the fir modem torpedo was developed in landincked Austa or rather by a retired army officer in what was then the Austrian Empire stretching down to the Adriatic Sea 1864 Giovanni Luppis (1813-1875) presented his idea of using small, unmanned boats carrying explosives against enemy ships to Robert Whitehead (1823 1905), an English engineer producing stram engines for the Austrian Navy Similar devices (spar torpedoes) were also employed in the American Civil War taking place at the same time. Howe
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Air Conditioning

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             Air Conditioning (1902)

                Carrier makes the world a much cooler place to live.


The ancient Romans tried to keep their buildings cool during hot weather by pumping water from aqueducts through the wall of their houses, whereas in south-east Asia people hung wet grass mats over the windows to lower the temperature of air inside. Modern air conditioning, which arrived in 1902s, is the continuation of this rudimentary principle.

 (1876-1950) of Buffalo, New York, developed the fundamental scientific theories of air conditioning. His first system was designed for use in a printing plant. Changes in the temperature and humidity of the plant were causing the ink nozzle to be out of line, which made color printing problematic. Carrier was assigned with the task of fixing this problem. His early system, which made use of spraying nozzles to cool and dehumidify the air, was large, extremely expensive, and rather dangerous because it relied on the use of ammonia as a coolant. Few years, his machines were just used to cool machine, but when the potential to cool people was spotted, they began to be installed in other commercial buildings, such as offices, hotels, and hospitals. He even went on to place units in the United States Senate and The White House. Air conditioning has made life more comfortable and led to greater economic activity in the summer months. It can also reduce death rates from heat-related illnesses by up to 40 percent.

                         Carrier refined his designs and in 1922 installed a system at Los Angeles Theater where conditioned air was fed in from the ceiling exhausted at floor Level.

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